Which regulations apply to titanium dioxide?

Given the wide range of applications, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is subject to different regulatory frameworks depending on its use in areas such as chemicals, cosmetics and food contact materials.

Why does regulation differ by application?

Regulatory decisions on titanium dioxide depend on the type of usage which results in different exposure types. For example:

•  In cosmetics, exposure is topical and assessed by the SCCS
•  In food, exposure is dietary and assessed by EFSA
•  In workplaces, exposure is managed through occupational health and safety measures.

Although TiO₂ is widely used across a range of applications, direct consumer exposure is limited because the TiO₂ particles are bound in solid matrices in plastics and paper and dispersed in liquids for paints and coatings. The concerns related to potential inhalation of respirable TiO₂ is relevant in occupational settings predominantly and is addressed through  safety measures designed to minimise exposure both in the workplace and for the home, DIY enthusiasts